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TOEFL Vocabulary PDF

1,000 essential words with meanings and example sentences. Free to download and easy to search.

If you are preparing for the TOEFL and want a serious vocabulary bank you can keep on your phone, print at home, or skim before a practice test, you are in the right place. Download the free PDF, or search the same 1,000 words right here on this page.

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What’s inside this free TOEFL vocabulary PDF?

You get 1,000 academic English words that show up again and again in TOEFL reading passages, lectures, speaking prompts, and essays. Every word comes with a plain-English meaning and a short example sentence, so you learn how it is actually used, not just a dictionary gloss.

Need to look something up quickly? Use the search box below. Prefer studying offline on the bus or with a highlighter? Download the PDF once and keep it forever. No account. No paywall. Just the list.

A simple way to learn 1,000 words (without quitting by day three)

Do not try to memorize the whole PDF in a weekend. Take one small chunk at a time, about 25 words, the same as one page of the table below. Review yesterday’s chunk before you add new ones. Skip words you already know cold, and spend your time on the ones you cannot explain out loud.

Mix how you practice. Read a page silently. Cover the meaning and say it from memory. Then write your own sentence for any word that still feels fuzzy. On test day you will need to use these words under time pressure, so practice producing them, not only recognizing them.

Watch for word families, too. If you learn analyze, also notice analysis and analytical. Spotting those patterns in the PDF makes each new word stick faster.

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1000 words · Page 1 of 40

#	Word	Meaning	Example sentence
1	abstract	Existing in thought but not physical	Love is an abstract concept.
2	academic	Relating to education	She has an academic background.
3	access	The means to approach or enter	Students have library access.
4	accurate	Correct in all details	The data is accurate.
5	achieve	To successfully reach a goal	She achieved success.
6	acquire	To buy or obtain	They acquired new skills.
7	adapt	To adjust to new conditions	Animals adapt to their environment.
8	adequate	Satisfactory or sufficient	The resources are adequate.
9	adjacent	Next to or adjoining	The adjacent room is empty.
10	adjust	To alter slightly	Adjust the temperature.
11	administrate	To manage or organize	She administrates the program.
12	adult	A fully grown person	Adults must supervise children.
13	advocate	To publicly support	They advocate for change.
14	affect	To have an influence on	Weather affects mood.
15	aggregate	A whole formed by combining parts	The aggregate score is 100.
16	aid	Help or support	Financial aid is available.
17	albeit	Although	It was difficult, albeit rewarding.
18	allocate	To distribute for a purpose	Allocate resources wisely.
19	alter	To change	Alter the design.
20	alternative	Another possibility	Consider alternatives.
21	ambiguous	Having multiple meanings	The statement is ambiguous.
22	amend	To make minor changes	Amend the document.
23	analogous	Comparable in certain respects	The cases are analogous.
24	analyze	To examine in detail	Analyze the results.
25	annual	Occurring once a year	The annual meeting.
26	anticipate	To expect	We anticipate problems.
27	apparent	Clearly visible	The solution is apparent.
28	append	To add to the end	Append the notes.
29	appreciate	To recognize the value of something	I appreciate your help.
30	approach	A way of dealing with something	Try a different approach.
31	appropriate	Suitable	Use appropriate language.
32	approximate	Close to actual	An approximate value.
33	arbitrary	Based on random choice	An arbitrary decision.
34	area	A region or part	The research area.
35	aspect	A particular part or feature	Consider all aspects.
36	assemble	To fit together	Assemble the parts.
37	assess	To evaluate	Assess the damage.
38	assign	To allocate	Assign tasks to team members.
39	assist	To help	Can you assist me?
40	assume	To suppose	I assume you know.
41	assure	To tell confidently	I assure you.
42	attach	To fasten	Attach the file.
43	attain	To achieve	Attain your goals.
44	attitude	A way of thinking	A positive attitude.
45	attribute	A quality or feature	Key attributes of the design.
46	author	A writer	The author of the book.
47	authority	The power to give orders	Government authority.
48	automate	To make automatic	Automate the process.
49	available	Able to be used	Resources are available.
50	aware	Having knowledge	Be aware of risks.
51	behalf	In the interests of	On behalf of the team.
52	benefit	An advantage	Health benefits.
53	bias	Prejudice	Avoid bias in research.
54	bond	A connection	A strong bond.
55	brief	Short in duration	A brief meeting.
56	bulk	The mass or size	The bulk of the work.
57	capable	Having ability	She is capable.
58	capacity	The maximum amount	Full capacity.
59	category	A class or division	Different categories.
60	cease	To stop	Cease operations.
61	challenge	A difficult task	Face the challenge.
62	channel	A means of communication	Communication channels.
63	chapter	A section of a book	Read chapter three.
64	chart	A diagram showing information	The chart shows trends.
65	chemical	Relating to chemistry	Chemical reactions.
66	circumstance	A fact or condition	Under the circumstances.
67	cite	To quote as evidence	Cite your sources.
68	civil	Relating to citizens	Civil rights.
69	clarify	To make clear	Clarify the instructions.
70	classic	Judged over time to be of high quality	A classic novel.
71	clause	A unit of grammatical organization	A dependent clause.
72	code	A system of rules	The building code.
73	coherent	Logical and consistent	A coherent argument.
74	coincide	To occur at the same time	The events coincide.
75	collapse	To fall down	The structure collapsed.
76	colleague	A coworker	My colleague helped.
77	commence	To begin	Commence the project.
78	comment	A remark	Leave a comment.
79	commission	An instruction to do something	A government commission.
80	commit	To carry out	Commit to the plan.
81	commodity	A raw material or product	Oil is a commodity.
82	communicate	To share information	Communicate clearly.
83	community	A group of people	The local community.
84	compatible	Able to exist together	Compatible systems.
85	compensate	To make up for	Compensate for losses.
86	compile	To collect and assemble	Compile the data.
87	complement	Something that completes	A perfect complement.
88	complex	Consisting of many parts	A complex system.
89	component	A part	Key components.
90	compound	Made up of several parts	A compound word.
91	comprehensive	Complete	A comprehensive study.
92	comprise	To consist of	The team comprises experts.
93	compute	To calculate	Compute the total.
94	conceive	To form an idea	Conceive a plan.
95	concentrate	To focus	Concentrate on work.
96	concept	An abstract idea	The concept is simple.
97	conclude	To bring to an end	Conclude the discussion.
98	concurrent	Existing at the same time	Concurrent events.
99	conduct	To organize and carry out	Conduct research.
100	confer	To grant or bestow	The degree was conferred.
101	confine	To restrict within limits	Confine the animals to the pen.
102	confirm	To establish the truth of	Confirm your appointment.
103	conflict	A serious disagreement	Resolve the conflict.
104	conform	To comply with rules	Conform to standards.
105	consent	Permission	Parental consent is required.
106	consequent	Following as a result	The consequent delay.
107	considerable	Large in amount	A considerable sum.
108	consist	To be composed of	The team consists of ten members.
109	constant	Occurring continuously	Constant noise.
110	constitute	To form or make up	Ten members constitute a quorum.
111	constrain	To restrict or limit	Budget constrains the plan.
112	construct	To build	Construct a bridge.
113	consult	To seek advice from	Consult a doctor.
114	consume	To use up	Consume energy.
115	contact	Communication with someone	Contact the office.
116	contemporary	Belonging to the present time	Contemporary art.
117	context	The circumstances surrounding an event	Read it in context.
118	contract	A written agreement	Sign the contract.
119	contradict	To state the opposite	The evidence contradicts the claim.
120	contrary	Opposite in nature	Contrary to popular belief.
121	contrast	A difference between things	A sharp contrast.
122	contribute	To give something	Contribute to the project.
123	controversy	A prolonged public dispute	A political controversy.
124	convene	To come together	Convene a meeting.
125	converse	Opposite or reverse	The converse is also true.
126	convert	To change form	Convert data to a file.
127	convey	To communicate	Convey a message.
128	convince	To persuade	Convince them to join.
129	cooperate	To work together	Cooperate with the team.
130	coordinate	To organize different elements	Coordinate the schedule.
131	core	The central part	The core issue.
132	corporate	Relating to a large company	Corporate policy.
133	correspond	To match or be equivalent	The numbers correspond.
134	couple	Two things of the same kind	A couple of days.
135	create	To bring into existence	Create a plan.
136	credit	Acknowledgment of achievement	Give credit where due.
137	criteria	Standards for judging	Meet the criteria.
138	crucial	Extremely important	A crucial decision.
139	culture	The customs of a group	Cultural diversity.
140	cycle	A series of events repeated	The water cycle.
141	data	Facts and statistics	Analyze the data.
142	debate	A formal discussion	A heated debate.
143	decade	A period of ten years	The last decade.
144	decline	To decrease	Sales decline in winter.
145	deduce	To reach a conclusion by reasoning	Deduce the answer.
146	define	To state the meaning of	Define the term.
147	definite	Clearly stated	A definite answer.
148	demonstrate	To clearly show	Demonstrate the process.
149	denote	To indicate	The symbol denotes danger.
150	deny	To state something is not true	Deny the accusation.
151	depress	To make sad or reduce	The news depressed the market.
152	derive	To obtain from a source	Derive a formula.
153	design	A plan or drawing	Product design.
154	despite	Without being affected by	Despite the rain, they played.
155	detect	To discover the presence of	Detect a fault.
156	deviate	To depart from a standard	Deviate from the plan.
157	device	A piece of equipment	A safety device.
158	devote	To give time to a purpose	Devote time to studying.
159	differentiate	To recognize differences	Differentiate the species.
160	dimension	A measurable extent	The dimensions of the room.
161	diminish	To become smaller	The pain diminished.
162	discrete	Individually separate	Discrete units.
163	discriminate	To recognize a distinction	Discriminate between sounds.
164	displace	To move from the usual place	Displace air.
165	display	To show for viewing	Display the results.
166	dispose	To get rid of	Dispose of waste.
167	distinct	Recognizably different	Distinct flavors.
168	distort	To twist out of shape	Distort the truth.
169	distribute	To give out	Distribute handouts.
170	diverse	Showing variety	A diverse population.
171	document	A written record	Sign the document.
172	domain	An area of interest	A domain of study.
173	domestic	Relating to one's own country	Domestic policy.
174	dominate	To have control over	Dominate the market.
175	draft	A preliminary version	Write a draft.
176	drama	A play for theater	A television drama.
177	duration	The time something continues	The duration of the flight.
178	dynamic	Characterized by change	A dynamic economy.
179	economy	The wealth of a region	A growing economy.
180	edit	To prepare text for publication	Edit the essay.
181	element	A part of something	A key element.
182	eliminate	To remove entirely	Eliminate errors.
183	emerge	To become known	New facts emerge.
184	emphasis	Special importance	Place emphasis on quality.
185	empirical	Based on observation	Empirical evidence.
186	enable	To make possible	Enable access.
187	encounter	To unexpectedly meet	Encounter difficulties.
188	energy	Power for physical activity	Renewable energy.
189	enforce	To compel observance of	Enforce the law.
190	enhance	To improve	Enhance performance.
191	enormous	Very large	An enormous amount.
192	ensure	To make certain	Ensure safety.
193	entity	A distinct thing with independent existence	A legal entity.
194	environment	The natural world	Protect the environment.
195	equate	To consider equal	Equate wealth with happiness.
196	equip	To supply with what is needed	Equip the lab.
197	equivalent	Equal in value	An equivalent amount.
198	erode	To gradually wear away	Erosion of the coastline.
199	establish	To set up	Establish a company.
200	estate	Property owned	A large estate.
201	estimate	An approximate calculation	Estimate the cost.
202	ethic	Moral principles	Work ethic.
203	evaluate	To judge the value of	Evaluate the results.
204	eventual	Occurring at the end	The eventual outcome.
205	evident	Clearly seen	It is evident that.
206	evolve	To develop gradually	Species evolve over time.
207	exceed	To go beyond a limit	Exceed expectations.
208	exclude	To leave out	Exclude an item.
209	exhibit	To show publicly	Exhibit artwork.
210	expand	To increase in size	Expand the business.
211	expert	A person with special knowledge	An expert opinion.
212	explicit	Clearly stated	Explicit instructions.
213	exploit	To make use of	Exploit resources.
214	export	To send goods abroad	Export goods.
215	expose	To reveal	Expose the truth.
216	external	Belonging to the outside	External factors.
217	extract	To remove or take out	Extract information.
218	facilitate	To make easier	Facilitate learning.
219	factor	A circumstance contributing to a result	A key factor.
220	feature	A distinctive attribute	A special feature.
221	federal	Relating to a central government	Federal law.
222	fee	A payment for a service	Tuition fee.
223	final	Coming at the end	The final decision.
224	finance	Money management	Personal finance.
225	finite	Having limits	Finite resources.
226	flexible	Able to bend or adapt	A flexible schedule.
227	fluctuate	To rise and fall irregularly	Prices fluctuate.
228	focus	The center of attention	Focus on the goal.
229	format	The way something is arranged	The essay format.
230	formula	A fixed set of words or method	A mathematical formula.
231	forthcoming	About to happen	The forthcoming election.
232	found	To establish	Found a company.
233	foundation	The basis of something	The foundation of trust.
234	framework	A basic structure	A legal framework.
235	function	The purpose of something	The function of the heart.
236	fund	Money set aside	A relief fund.
237	fundamental	Forming a necessary base	Fundamental rights.
238	furthermore	In addition	Furthermore, it saves time.
239	gender	The state of being male or female	Gender equality.
240	generate	To produce	Generate income.
241	generation	A group born around the same time	The younger generation.
242	globe	The earth	Around the globe.
243	goal	The object of a person's ambition	Achieve a goal.
244	grade	A level of rank or quality	A high grade.
245	grant	To give formally	Grant permission.
246	guarantee	A firm promise	Money-back guarantee.
247	guideline	A rule for behavior	Follow the guidelines.
248	hence	For this reason	Hence the delay.
249	hierarchy	A system of ranking	A social hierarchy.
250	highlight	To draw attention to	Highlight the key points.
251	identical	Exactly alike	Identical twins.
252	identify	To recognize	Identify the problem.
253	ideology	A set of ideas	Political ideology.
254	ignorant	Lacking knowledge	Ignorant of the facts.
255	illustrate	To explain by example	Illustrate the concept.
256	image	A representation of something	A mental image.
257	immigrate	To come to live in a country	Immigrate to a new nation.
258	impact	A marked effect	The impact of climate change.
259	implement	To put into effect	Implement a policy.
260	implicit	Suggested but not directly stated	An implicit assumption.
261	imply	To suggest indirectly	The look implied doubt.
262	impose	To force something on someone	Impose a tax.
263	incentive	Something that motivates	A financial incentive.
264	incidence	The occurrence of something	The incidence of disease.
265	incline	To lean toward	Inclined to agree.
266	income	Money received	Household income.
267	incorporate	To include as part	Incorporate feedback.
268	index	A system for measuring change	A price index.
269	indicate	To point out	Indicate a preference.
270	individual	A single person	Each individual matters.
271	induce	To bring about	Induce sleep.
272	inevitable	Certain to happen	An inevitable outcome.
273	infer	To deduce from evidence	Infer the meaning.
274	infrastructure	Basic physical structures	Public infrastructure.
275	inherent	Existing as a natural part	Inherent risk.
276	inhibit	To hinder or restrain	Inhibit growth.
277	initial	Existing at the beginning	The initial stage.
278	initiate	To begin	Initiate a discussion.
279	injure	To cause harm to	Injure a muscle.
280	innovate	To introduce new methods	Innovate the design.
281	input	Information put into a system	Data input.
282	insert	To place inside	Insert a paragraph.
283	insight	A deep understanding	Gain insight.
284	inspect	To examine closely	Inspect the goods.
285	instance	An example	For instance.
286	institute	An organization for a purpose	A research institute.
287	instruct	To teach or direct	Instruct the students.
288	integral	Necessary to make whole	An integral part.
289	integrate	To combine into a whole	Integrate the systems.
290	integrity	The quality of being honest	Personal integrity.
291	intelligence	The ability to learn	Artificial intelligence.
292	intense	Extreme in degree	Intense heat.
293	interact	To act reciprocally	Interact with others.
294	intermediate	Coming between two stages	An intermediate level.
295	internal	Existing within	Internal affairs.
296	interpret	To explain the meaning of	Interpret the data.
297	interval	A pause between events	A short interval.
298	intervene	To come between	Intervene in a dispute.
299	intrinsic	Belonging naturally	Intrinsic value.
300	invest	To put money into	Invest in stocks.
301	investigate	To carry out research into	Investigate a crime.
302	invoke	To cite as support	Invoke a rule.
303	involve	To include as a part	Involve the whole team.
304	isolate	To set apart	Isolate the patient.
305	issue	A subject for debate	A pressing issue.
306	item	An individual article	A list of items.
307	job	A paid position of work	A part-time job.
308	journal	A scholarly publication	A science journal.
309	justify	To show to be right	Justify the decision.
310	label	A piece of paper attached to give info	A price label.
311	labor	Physical work	Manual labor.
312	layer	A thickness of material	A layer of dust.
313	lecture	An educational talk	Attend a lecture.
314	legal	Relating to law	Legal advice.
315	legislate	To make laws	Legislate on the issue.
316	levy	To impose a tax	Levy a fine.
317	liberal	Open to new ideas	A liberal attitude.
318	license	An official permit	A driving license.
319	likewise	In the same way	She agreed; he did likewise.
320	link	A connection	A link between smoking and cancer.
321	locate	To discover the exact place	Locate the source.
322	logic	Reasoning conducted according to rules	Sound logic.
323	maintain	To keep in existence	Maintain a schedule.
324	major	Important or serious	A major decision.
325	manipulate	To handle skillfully	Manipulate data.
326	manual	Done by hand	A manual task.
327	margin	The edge or border	Profit margin.
328	mature	Fully developed	A mature plant.
329	maximize	To increase to the greatest extent	Maximize profit.
330	mechanism	A system of parts working together	A defense mechanism.
331	media	Means of mass communication	Social media.
332	mediate	To intervene to resolve	Mediate a dispute.
333	medical	Relating to medicine	Medical treatment.
334	medium	A means by which something is done	A medium of exchange.
335	mental	Relating to the mind	Mental health.
336	method	A way of doing something	A teaching method.
337	migrate	To move from one place to another	Birds migrate south.
338	military	Relating to soldiers	Military service.
339	minimal	Of a minimum amount	Minimal effort.
340	minimize	To reduce to the least amount	Minimize risk.
341	minimum	The least possible amount	A minimum wage.
342	ministry	A government department	The Ministry of Health.
343	minor	Lesser in importance	A minor issue.
344	mode	A way of operating	Sleep mode.
345	modify	To make partial changes	Modify the plan.
346	monitor	To observe and check	Monitor progress.
347	motive	A reason for doing something	A hidden motive.
348	mutual	Shared by two parties	Mutual respect.
349	negate	To nullify	Negate the effect.
350	network	An interconnected system	A social network.
351	neutral	Not supporting either side	A neutral party.
352	nevertheless	In spite of that	It rained; nevertheless, they hiked.
353	norm	A standard or pattern	Social norms.
354	notion	A belief or idea	A vague notion.
355	notwithstanding	In spite of	The risks notwithstanding.
356	nuclear	Relating to the nucleus of an atom	Nuclear energy.
357	objective	A goal	The main objective.
358	obtain	To get or acquire	Obtain a permit.
359	obvious	Easy to see	An obvious mistake.
360	occupy	To fill space or time	Occupy the seat.
361	occur	To happen	The event occurred yesterday.
362	odd	Strange or unusual	An odd request.
363	offset	To counteract	Offset the cost.
364	ongoing	Continuing	An ongoing project.
365	option	A choice	Weigh your options.
366	orient	To align to a situation	Orient new employees.
367	outcome	A result	The final outcome.
368	output	The amount produced	Factory output.
369	overall	Taking everything into account	The overall result.
370	overlap	To partially cover	Their duties overlap.
371	overseas	In or to a foreign country	Study overseas.
372	panel	A group of experts	A discussion panel.
373	parallel	Occurring at the same time	A parallel process.
374	parameter	A limit that defines scope	Set the parameters.
375	participate	To take part in	Participate in class.
376	partner	A person who shares in an activity	A business partner.
377	passive	Not taking an active role	A passive observer.
378	perceive	To become aware of	Perceive a threat.
379	percent	One part in a hundred	Fifty percent.
380	period	A length of time	A trial period.
381	persist	To continue firmly	Persist despite failure.
382	perspective	A particular view of things	A new perspective.
383	phase	A stage in a process	The first phase.
384	phenomenon	A fact or situation observed	A natural phenomenon.
385	philosophy	The study of fundamental questions	Study philosophy.
386	physical	Relating to the body	Physical exercise.
387	plus	In addition to	Plus, it's affordable.
388	policy	A course of action	Company policy.
389	portion	A part of a whole	A portion of the cake.
390	pose	To present a problem	Pose a question.
391	positive	Constructive or optimistic	A positive attitude.
392	potential	Capable of development	Potential growth.
393	practitioner	A person practicing a profession	A medical practitioner.
394	precede	To come before in time	The storm preceded the flood.
395	precise	Exact	Precise measurements.
396	predict	To forecast	Predict the weather.
397	predominant	Present as the strongest element	The predominant view.
398	preliminary	Preceding the main event	A preliminary round.
399	presume	To suppose to be true	Presume innocence.
400	previous	Coming before	The previous chapter.
401	primary	Of chief importance	Primary education.
402	prime	Of first importance	Prime example.
403	principal	Most important	The principal reason.
404	principle	A fundamental truth	A guiding principle.
405	prior	Existing before	Prior experience.
406	priority	Something regarded as more important	A top priority.
407	proceed	To continue	Proceed with caution.
408	process	A series of actions	A manufacturing process.
409	professional	Relating to a profession	Professional advice.
410	prohibit	To formally forbid	Smoking is prohibited.
411	project	A planned piece of work	A research project.
412	promote	To support or encourage	Promote healthy eating.
413	proportion	A part in relation to a whole	A large proportion.
414	prospect	The possibility of something	A job prospect.
415	protocol	A system of rules	Medical protocol.
416	psychology	The study of the mind	Study psychology.
417	publication	A published work	A scientific publication.
418	publish	To make available to the public	Publish a paper.
419	purchase	To buy	Purchase a ticket.
420	pursue	To follow in order to attain	Pursue a career.
421	qualitative	Relating to quality	Qualitative research.
422	quote	To repeat words exactly	Quote a source.
423	radical	Relating to fundamental change	A radical idea.
424	random	Made without method	A random sample.
425	range	The area of variation	A wide range.
426	ratio	A relationship between amounts	A ratio of two to one.
427	rational	Based on reason	A rational decision.
428	react	To respond to a stimulus	React quickly.
429	recover	To return to a normal state	Recover from illness.
430	refine	To improve by making small changes	Refine the process.
431	regime	A government or system	A political regime.
432	region	An area with defined boundaries	A mountainous region.
433	register	To enter into an official list	Register for classes.
434	regulate	To control by rules	Regulate traffic.
435	reinforce	To strengthen	Reinforce the argument.
436	reject	To dismiss as inadequate	Reject the proposal.
437	relevant	Closely connected to the matter	A relevant point.
438	reluctant	Unwilling	Reluctant to agree.
439	rely	To depend on with trust	Rely on public transport.
440	remove	To take away	Remove the obstacle.
441	require	To need for a purpose	Require assistance.
442	research	Systematic investigation	Conduct research.
443	reside	To live permanently	Reside in the city.
444	resolve	To find a solution	Resolve the conflict.
445	resource	A supply that can be drawn on	Natural resources.
446	respond	To reply	Respond to the email.
447	restore	To bring back to a former state	Restore the building.
448	restrain	To hold back	Restrain the crowd.
449	restrict	To limit	Restrict access.
450	retain	To continue to hold	Retain information.
451	reveal	To make known	Reveal the truth.
452	revenue	Income generated	Government revenue.
453	reverse	To turn back	Reverse the trend.
454	revise	To reconsider and change	Revise the essay.
455	revolution	A drastic change	An industrial revolution.
456	rigid	Not able to bend	Rigid rules.
457	role	The function of a person	Play a key role.
458	route	A way from one place to another	Take a scenic route.
459	scenario	A possible sequence of events	A worst-case scenario.
460	schedule	A plan for future events	Follow the schedule.
461	scheme	A systematic plan	A pension scheme.
462	scope	The extent of an activity	Beyond the scope.
463	sector	A distinct part of society	The private sector.
464	secure	Free from danger	A secure connection.
465	seek	To attempt to find	Seek help.
466	select	To carefully choose	Select an option.
467	sequence	A particular order	A sequence of events.
468	series	A number of related events	A series of lectures.
469	shift	A change in position	A shift in policy.
470	significant	Sufficiently great to be noticed	A significant increase.
471	similar	Resembling but not identical	A similar approach.
472	simulate	To imitate the appearance of	Simulate real conditions.
473	site	The location of something	A construction site.
474	so-called	Commonly named but not accurately	A so-called expert.
475	sole	Only one	The sole survivor.
476	somewhat	To a moderate extent	Somewhat difficult.
477	source	A place something originates	A reliable source.
478	specific	Clearly defined	A specific example.
479	specify	To identify clearly	Specify the requirements.
480	sphere	An area of activity	The political sphere.
481	stable	Not likely to change	A stable economy.
482	statistic	A fact based on numerical data	Crime statistics.
483	status	The relative social position	Social status.
484	straightforward	Uncomplicated	A straightforward task.
485	strategy	A plan of action	A marketing strategy.
486	stress	Emphasis or pressure	Stress management.
487	structure	The arrangement of parts	The building's structure.
488	style	A distinctive appearance	Writing style.
489	submit	To present for consideration	Submit an application.
490	subordinate	Lower in rank	A subordinate role.
491	subsequent	Coming after	Subsequent events.
492	subsidy	Money given to support	A government subsidy.
493	substitute	A person or thing that replaces	A sugar substitute.
494	successor	A person who succeeds another	The successor to the throne.
495	sufficient	Enough for a purpose	Sufficient evidence.
496	sum	A total amount	The sum of the parts.
497	summary	A brief statement of main points	A chapter summary.
498	supplement	Something added to complete	A vitamin supplement.
499	survey	An examination of opinions	Conduct a survey.
500	survive	To continue to live	Survive a storm.
501	suspend	To temporarily stop	Suspend the account.
502	sustain	To keep something going	Sustain economic growth.
503	symbol	A mark representing something	A peace symbol.
504	tape	A strip of material	Duct tape.
505	target	An objective	Meet the target.
506	task	A piece of work to be done	A challenging task.
507	team	A group working together	A project team.
508	technical	Relating to mechanical arts	Technical skills.
509	technique	A way of carrying out a task	A new technique.
510	technology	Application of scientific knowledge	Modern technology.
511	temporary	Lasting for a limited time	A temporary job.
512	tense	Nervous and unable to relax	A tense atmosphere.
513	terminate	To bring to an end	Terminate the contract.
514	text	A written work	Analyze the text.
515	theme	A subject of discussion	The theme of the novel.
516	theory	A system of ideas explaining something	Scientific theory.
517	thereby	By that means	Thereby saving time.
518	thesis	A statement put forward	A doctoral thesis.
519	topic	A subject discussed	The topic of the essay.
520	trace	To find by investigation	Trace the origin.
521	tradition	A long-established custom	A cultural tradition.
522	transfer	To move from one place to another	Transfer funds.
523	transform	To change completely	Transform the industry.
524	transit	The carrying of goods or people	Public transit.
525	transmit	To pass on	Transmit a signal.
526	transport	To carry from one place to another	Transport goods.
527	trend	A general direction of change	A fashion trend.
528	trigger	To cause to happen	Trigger a response.
529	ultimate	Final or most extreme	The ultimate goal.
530	undergo	To experience	Undergo surgery.
531	underlie	To be the cause of	Factors that underlie the issue.
532	undertake	To commit to a task	Undertake a project.
533	uniform	Not changing in form	A uniform standard.
534	unify	To make into one	Unify the country.
535	unique	Being the only one of its kind	A unique opportunity.
536	utilize	To make practical use of	Utilize resources.
537	valid	Legally acceptable	A valid argument.
538	vary	To differ	Prices vary.
539	vehicle	A means of transport	An electric vehicle.
540	version	A particular form of something	A revised version.
541	via	By way of	Travel via train.
542	violate	To break a rule	Violate the law.
543	virtual	Almost as described, though not officially	Virtual reality.
544	visible	Able to be seen	A visible scar.
545	vision	The ability to think about the future	A clear vision.
546	visual	Relating to seeing	Visual aids.
547	volume	The amount of space occupied	The volume of sound.
548	voluntary	Done willingly	Voluntary work.
549	welfare	Health and happiness	Social welfare.
550	whereas	In contrast	He is tall, whereas she is short.
551	widespread	Found over a large area	A widespread problem.
552	accompany	To go somewhere with someone	A parent must accompany the child.
553	accumulate	To gather over time	Accumulate wealth.
554	accustomed	Familiar with something	Accustomed to the noise.
555	acknowledge	To accept the truth of	Acknowledge the mistake.
556	adverse	Preventing success or wellbeing	Adverse weather conditions.
557	advance	To move forward	Advance in technology.
558	affiliate	To officially attach to an organization	Affiliate with a university.
559	affluent	Having a great deal of money	An affluent neighborhood.
560	aggravate	To make worse	Aggravate the injury.
561	alien	Unfamiliar and disturbing	An alien concept.
562	alleviate	To make suffering less severe	Alleviate pain.
563	alliance	A union formed for mutual benefit	A military alliance.
564	ally	A country or person that cooperates	A close ally.
565	ample	Enough or more than enough	Ample evidence.
566	antecedent	A thing that precedes another	An antecedent event.
567	anticipation	The action of expecting something	Anticipation of the results.
568	apparatus	Equipment for a task	Laboratory apparatus.
569	appeal	A serious request	An appeal for help.
570	applicable	Relevant or appropriate	Not applicable here.
571	applicant	A person who applies	A job applicant.
572	appraisal	An assessment of value	A performance appraisal.
573	arise	To emerge or come into being	A problem may arise.
574	array	An impressive display or range	A wide array of choices.
575	artifact	An object made by humans	An ancient artifact.
576	ascertain	To find out for certain	Ascertain the facts.
577	aspiration	A hope or ambition	Career aspirations.
578	assert	To state confidently	Assert your opinion.
579	assertion	A confident statement	A bold assertion.
580	assimilate	To absorb and integrate	Assimilate into a culture.
581	augment	To make greater	Augment income.
582	authentic	Of undisputed origin	An authentic painting.
583	autonomous	Self-governing	An autonomous region.
584	awareness	Knowledge of a situation	Public awareness.
585	barrier	A obstacle that prevents movement	A language barrier.
586	beneficial	Favorable or advantageous	A beneficial policy.
587	bilateral	Involving two parties	A bilateral agreement.
588	boundary	A line marking a limit	A national boundary.
589	breach	A violation of a rule	A breach of contract.
590	breed	A particular type or race	A rare breed.
591	bureaucracy	A system of officials	Government bureaucracy.
592	candidate	A person for a position	A qualified candidate.
593	capitalize	To take advantage of	Capitalize on the opportunity.
594	casual	Relaxed and informal	Casual clothing.
595	catalyst	Something that causes change	A catalyst for reform.
596	categorical	Unambiguous and direct	A categorical denial.
597	census	An official count of a population	The national census.
598	certify	To officially declare true	Certify the results.
599	civic	Relating to a city or citizenship	Civic duty.
600	clarity	The quality of being clear	Speak with clarity.
601	classify	To arrange in categories	Classify animals by species.
602	coherence	Logical connection	The coherence of the plan.
603	collaborate	To work jointly with others	Collaborate on a project.
604	collide	To crash together	The cars collided.
605	commensurate	Corresponding in size	Pay commensurate with experience.
606	compelling	Evoking interest strongly	A compelling argument.
607	complementary	Combining well with something	Complementary skills.
608	comply	To act in accordance with rules	Comply with regulations.
609	comprehend	To grasp mentally	Comprehend the text.
610	conceal	To keep from being seen	Conceal evidence.
611	conceptual	Relating to ideas	A conceptual framework.
612	congestion	Overcrowding	Traffic congestion.
613	consensus	General agreement	Reach a consensus.
614	consecutive	Following continuously	Three consecutive days.
615	consolidate	To combine into one	Consolidate debt.
616	conspicuous	Standing out clearly	A conspicuous error.
617	constituent	A necessary part of a whole	A constituent element.
618	constraint	A limitation	Budget constraints.
619	contemplate	To think deeply about	Contemplate the future.
620	contend	To struggle to deal with	Contend with challenges.
621	contentious	Causing disagreement	A contentious issue.
622	contingent	Dependent on something else	Contingent on approval.
623	converge	To come together	Roads converge at the center.
624	conviction	A firmly held belief	A strong conviction.
625	correlate	To have a mutual relationship	Correlate with income.
626	corrode	To gradually destroy	Rust corrodes metal.
627	corrupt	Dishonest or fraudulent	A corrupt official.
628	counterpart	A person with a similar function	Her European counterpart.
629	credible	Able to be believed	A credible source.
630	crisis	A time of intense difficulty	An economic crisis.
631	criterion	A standard for judgment	A key criterion.
632	crude	In a natural or raw state	Crude oil.
633	cumulative	Increasing by successive additions	A cumulative effect.
634	curb	To restrain or limit	Curb spending.
635	curriculum	The subjects in a course of study	The school curriculum.
636	debris	Scattered fragments	Storm debris.
637	decisive	Settling an issue conclusively	A decisive victory.
638	decree	An official order	A royal decree.
639	deficient	Lacking a necessary quality	Deficient in vitamins.
640	deficit	The amount by which something falls short	A budget deficit.
641	delegate	A representative to a conference	Send a delegate.
642	deliberate	Done consciously and intentionally	A deliberate choice.
643	delicate	Easily damaged	A delicate ecosystem.
644	delineate	To describe precisely	Delineate the boundaries.
645	demographic	Relating to population statistics	Demographic trends.
646	denounce	To publicly criticize	Denounce corruption.
647	depict	To represent in a picture	Depict a scene.
648	deplete	To use up the supply of	Deplete resources.
649	deprive	To take something away from	Deprive someone of sleep.
650	descend	To move downward	Descend the stairs.
651	designate	To officially assign	Designate a leader.
652	desperate	Feeling great despair	A desperate situation.
653	detain	To keep in custody	Detain a suspect.
654	deteriorate	To become worse	Health deteriorates.
655	detrimental	Tending to cause harm	Detrimental effects.
656	devastate	To destroy completely	Devastate the region.
657	devise	To plan or invent	Devise a strategy.
658	diagnose	To identify an illness	Diagnose a disease.
659	dictate	To state with authority	Dictate terms.
660	diffuse	To spread over an area	Diffuse tension.
661	diligent	Showing care in work	A diligent student.
662	disclose	To make known	Disclose information.
663	discrepancy	A lack of compatibility	A discrepancy in figures.
664	discretion	Freedom to decide	At your discretion.
665	disintegrate	To break into fragments	The structure disintegrated.
666	dispatch	To send off promptly	Dispatch a letter.
667	dispel	To make a feeling disappear	Dispel doubts.
668	disperse	To scatter in different directions	Disperse the crowd.
669	disrupt	To interrupt normal function	Disrupt the schedule.
670	distinguish	To recognize as different	Distinguish fact from fiction.
671	diverge	To separate and go different ways	Opinions diverge.
672	diversify	To make more varied	Diversify investments.
673	divert	To change the course of	Divert traffic.
674	docile	Easy to manage	A docile animal.
675	dominant	Most important or powerful	The dominant species.
676	donor	A person who gives	A blood donor.
677	drastic	Extreme in effect	Drastic measures.
678	dwindle	To gradually decrease	Supplies dwindle.
679	eccentric	Unconventional in behavior	An eccentric artist.
680	economical	Giving good value for money	An economical car.
681	edible	Fit to be eaten	Edible plants.
682	edifice	A large building	A grand edifice.
683	elaborate	To develop further	Elaborate on the plan.
684	elicit	To evoke a response	Elicit feedback.
685	eligible	Having the right to do something	Eligible to vote.
686	elite	A select group	The elite class.
687	elude	To escape from	The answer eludes me.
688	embark	To begin a course of action	Embark on a journey.
689	embody	To represent an idea	Embody the spirit.
690	emergence	The process of coming into being	The emergence of a trend.
691	eminent	Famous and respected	An eminent scholar.
692	enact	To make into law	Enact legislation.
693	encompass	To include comprehensively	The plan encompasses many areas.
694	endeavor	An attempt	A creative endeavor.
695	endorse	To publicly approve	Endorse a product.
696	endure	To suffer patiently	Endure hardship.
697	engage	To occupy attention	Engage the audience.
698	enlighten	To give understanding to	Enlighten the public.
699	enrich	To improve the quality of	Enrich the soil.
700	enterprise	A project undertaken	A business enterprise.
701	entail	To involve as a necessary result	The job entails travel.
702	entice	To attract by offering pleasure	Entice customers.
703	entitle	To give a right to	Entitled to a refund.
704	epidemic	A widespread occurrence of disease	A flu epidemic.
705	episode	An event or a part of a series	A memorable episode.
706	equilibrium	A state of balance	Economic equilibrium.
707	eradicate	To completely destroy	Eradicate poverty.
708	erratic	Not consistent	Erratic behavior.
709	escalate	To increase rapidly	Tensions escalate.
710	esteem	Respect and admiration	Held in high esteem.
711	ethical	Relating to moral principles	An ethical dilemma.
712	evacuate	To remove people from danger	Evacuate the building.
713	evoke	To bring a feeling to mind	Evoke memories.
714	exacerbate	To make a problem worse	Exacerbate tensions.
715	exaggerate	To represent as greater	Exaggerate the risks.
716	exemplify	To be a typical example of	Exemplify good practice.
717	exert	To apply force or influence	Exert pressure.
718	exile	To expel from one's country	Sent into exile.
719	exotic	Originating from a foreign place	Exotic plants.
720	expedite	To make happen sooner	Expedite the process.
721	expel	To force to leave	Expel a student.
722	extensive	Covering a large area	Extensive damage.
723	extinct	No longer in existence	An extinct species.
724	fabricate	To invent falsely	Fabricate evidence.
725	faction	A small group within a larger one	A political faction.
726	fallacy	A mistaken belief	A common fallacy.
727	famine	Extreme scarcity of food	A severe famine.
728	feasible	Possible to do easily	A feasible plan.
729	feat	An achievement requiring skill	An impressive feat.
730	feedback	Information about reactions	Provide feedback.
731	flourish	To grow vigorously	The business flourished.
732	forecast	A prediction of future events	A weather forecast.
733	foster	To encourage development	Foster creativity.
734	fragile	Easily broken	A fragile vase.
735	fraudulent	Obtained by deception	A fraudulent claim.
736	frequency	The rate at which something occurs	The frequency of visits.
737	frivolous	Not having serious purpose	A frivolous expense.
738	fuse	To join together	Fuse two ideas.
739	gene	A unit of heredity	A genetic trait.
740	generic	Not specific to a brand	A generic term.
741	genuine	Truly what it is said to be	Genuine concern.
742	gesture	A movement expressing meaning	A friendly gesture.
743	grim	Serious and depressing	A grim outlook.
744	gross	Total before deductions	Gross income.
745	harsh	Severe or cruel	Harsh criticism.
746	hazard	A danger or risk	A health hazard.
747	hectic	Full of activity	A hectic schedule.
748	heritage	Traditions passed down	Cultural heritage.
749	hinder	To create difficulty for	Hinder progress.
750	hostile	Unfriendly or aggressive	A hostile environment.
751	hypothesis	A proposed explanation	Test the hypothesis.
752	illuminate	To light up	Illuminate the room.
753	immense	Extremely large	Immense pressure.
754	immerse	To involve deeply in an activity	Immerse in the culture.
755	impair	To weaken or damage	Impair judgment.
756	impede	To delay or block	Impede progress.
757	imprecise	Not exact	An imprecise answer.
758	inclusive	Including all	An inclusive policy.
759	incompatible	Not able to coexist	Incompatible views.
760	inconsistent	Not staying the same	Inconsistent results.
761	increment	An increase in amount	A salary increment.
762	indifferent	Having no interest	Indifferent to the outcome.
763	indigenous	Originating naturally in a place	Indigenous species.
764	infamous	Well known for a bad quality	An infamous criminal.
765	inferior	Lower in rank or quality	An inferior product.
766	infinite	Limitless	Infinite possibilities.
767	influx	An arrival of many people	An influx of tourists.
768	ingenious	Clever and original	An ingenious solution.
769	inhabit	To live in a place	Inhabit the forest.
770	innate	Inborn	An innate ability.
771	innovative	Introducing new ideas	An innovative design.
772	inquiry	An act of investigation	A formal inquiry.
773	intact	Not damaged	The package arrived intact.
774	intensify	To become more intense	Rivalry intensifies.
775	intercept	To stop something in transit	Intercept a message.
776	interfere	To prevent from continuing	Interfere with plans.
777	interim	In the intervening time	An interim solution.
778	intimate	Closely acquainted	Intimate knowledge.
779	intricate	Very complicated	An intricate design.
780	intrigue	To arouse curiosity	The mystery intrigued her.
781	intrusive	Causing disruption by intrusion	An intrusive question.
782	invaluable	Extremely useful	Invaluable experience.
783	invariably	In every case	He invariably arrives late.
784	inventory	A complete list of items	Store inventory.
785	irrational	Not logical	An irrational fear.
786	irrelevant	Not applicable	An irrelevant comment.
787	irreversible	Not able to be undone	Irreversible damage.
788	jeopardize	To put at risk	Jeopardize your health.
789	keen	Having enthusiasm	Keen interest.
790	knack	A special skill	A knack for languages.
791	lag	To fail to keep pace	Lag behind.
792	lament	To express sorrow	Lament the loss.
793	launch	To start a new venture	Launch a product.
794	legislation	Laws collectively	Pass legislation.
795	legitimate	Conforming to the law	A legitimate business.
796	lenient	Merciful or tolerant	A lenient punishment.
797	liable	Legally responsible	Liable for damages.
798	liaison	Communication between groups	A liaison officer.
799	literacy	The ability to read and write	Improve literacy.
800	lucrative	Producing a great deal of profit	A lucrative career.
801	magnitude	The great size of something	The magnitude of the problem.
802	mainstream	The dominant trend	Mainstream media.
803	malfunction	Failure to function normally	A system malfunction.
804	mandate	An official order	A government mandate.
805	mandatory	Required by law	Mandatory attendance.
806	manifest	Clear or obvious	A manifest error.
807	marginal	Small in size or importance	A marginal benefit.
808	massive	Large and heavy	A massive undertaking.
809	meager	Lacking in quantity	Meager resources.
810	mediocre	Of only average quality	A mediocre performance.
811	merge	To combine into one	Merge two companies.
812	meticulous	Showing great attention to detail	Meticulous planning.
813	mimic	To imitate closely	Mimic the sound.
814	mingle	To mix socially	Mingle with guests.
815	minute	Extremely small	A minute detail.
816	moderate	Average in amount	A moderate increase.
817	modest	Not large or grand	A modest income.
818	momentum	The force gained by movement	Gain momentum.
819	monopoly	Exclusive control of trade	A market monopoly.
820	morale	The confidence of a group	Boost team morale.
821	mundane	Lacking excitement	A mundane task.
822	mutate	To undergo genetic change	The virus mutates.
823	myriad	A great number of things	A myriad of choices.
824	naive	Lacking experience or wisdom	A naive assumption.
825	narrative	A spoken or written account	A personal narrative.
826	negligible	So small as to be unimportant	A negligible difference.
827	notable	Worthy of attention	A notable achievement.
828	notify	To inform someone	Notify the office.
829	notorious	Well known for something bad	A notorious criminal.
830	novel	New and original	A novel idea.
831	nurture	To care for and encourage growth	Nurture talent.
832	obscure	Not clearly expressed	An obscure reference.
833	obsolete	No longer produced or used	Obsolete technology.
834	optimal	Best or most favorable	The optimal solution.
835	optimistic	Hopeful about the future	An optimistic outlook.
836	oral	Spoken rather than written	An oral exam.
837	outweigh	To be greater in importance	Benefits outweigh risks.
838	overwhelm	To overpower completely	Overwhelmed by demand.
839	paradox	A statement that seems contradictory	A logical paradox.
840	paramount	More important than anything else	A paramount concern.
841	peculiar	Strange or unusual	A peculiar habit.
842	peer	A person of equal standing	Peer review.
843	penalty	A punishment for a crime	A financial penalty.
844	pending	Awaiting decision	A pending case.
845	perceptive	Having keen insight	A perceptive observation.
846	peripheral	Of secondary importance	A peripheral issue.
847	perpetual	Never ending	Perpetual motion.
848	persistent	Continuing firmly	A persistent cough.
849	pertinent	Relevant to the matter	Pertinent information.
850	pervasive	Spreading widely	A pervasive influence.
851	plausible	Seeming reasonable	A plausible excuse.
852	plight	A dangerous situation	The plight of refugees.
853	portray	To depict in a work of art	Portray a character.
854	potent	Having great power	A potent argument.
855	precaution	An action taken to prevent harm	Safety precautions.
856	precedent	An earlier event used as an example	Set a precedent.
857	predecessor	A person who held a role before	Her predecessor resigned.
858	premise	A statement taken as true	A false premise.
859	prerequisite	A required prior condition	A prerequisite course.
860	prestige	Widespread respect	Academic prestige.
861	prevail	To prove more powerful	Justice will prevail.
862	prevalent	Widespread in an area	A prevalent belief.
863	proficient	Competent in a skill	Proficient in English.
864	profound	Very great	A profound effect.
865	prompt	Done without delay	A prompt response.
866	prone	Likely to suffer from	Prone to error.
867	propel	To drive forward	Propel the economy.
868	prosper	To succeed in material terms	The business prospered.
869	provoke	To stimulate a reaction	Provoke a response.
870	proximity	Nearness in space	In close proximity.
871	prudent	Acting with care	A prudent decision.
872	questionnaire	A set of printed questions	Fill out the questionnaire.
873	radiate	To spread out from a center	Heat radiates.
874	ratify	To confirm formally	Ratify an agreement.
875	readily	Without hesitation	Readily available.
876	recession	A period of economic decline	A global recession.
877	reciprocal	Given in return	A reciprocal agreement.
878	reconcile	To restore friendly relations	Reconcile differences.
879	refute	To prove wrong	Refute a claim.
880	reign	A period of rule	The king's reign.
881	reinstate	To restore to a former position	Reinstate an employee.
882	relentless	Never stopping	Relentless pressure.
883	relevance	The quality of being applicable	The relevance of the topic.
884	relinquish	To voluntarily give up	Relinquish control.
885	remedy	A solution to a problem	A simple remedy.
886	render	To provide or make	Render assistance.
887	renowned	Famous	A renowned scientist.
888	replicate	To make an exact copy	Replicate an experiment.
889	resemble	To have similar features	Resemble a parent.
890	resent	To feel bitter about	Resent the criticism.
891	resilient	Able to recover quickly	A resilient economy.
892	resolute	Firm and determined	A resolute leader.
893	retrieve	To get something back	Retrieve data.
894	revert	To return to a former state	Revert to old habits.
895	revoke	To officially cancel	Revoke a license.
896	rigorous	Extremely thorough	Rigorous testing.
897	robust	Strong and healthy	A robust economy.
898	rudimentary	Basic or elementary	Rudimentary skills.
899	rural	In the countryside	A rural area.
900	sanction	Official permission or a penalty	Economic sanctions.
901	scarce	Insufficient for demand	Scarce resources.
902	scrutinize	To examine closely	Scrutinize the report.
903	sequential	Forming a sequence	A sequential process.
904	serene	Calm and peaceful	A serene landscape.
905	skeptical	Not easily convinced	A skeptical audience.
906	solitary	Existing alone	A solitary walk.
907	sparse	Thinly scattered	A sparse population.
908	spontaneous	Done without planning	A spontaneous decision.
909	spouse	A husband or wife	Bring your spouse.
910	stagnant	Not flowing or developing	A stagnant economy.
911	stark	Severe in appearance	A stark contrast.
912	static	Not moving or changing	A static image.
913	stern	Serious and strict	A stern warning.
914	stimulate	To encourage development	Stimulate the economy.
915	strive	To make great efforts	Strive for excellence.
916	subtle	Not obvious	A subtle difference.
917	succinct	Briefly expressed	A succinct summary.
918	summarize	To give a brief statement of the main points	Summarize the article.
919	superficial	Existing on the surface	A superficial wound.
920	supplant	To take the place of	Supplant an old system.
921	suppress	To forcibly put an end to	Suppress a rebellion.
922	surge	A sudden powerful increase	A surge in demand.
923	susceptible	Likely to be influenced	Susceptible to illness.
924	tangible	Perceptible by touch	Tangible benefits.
925	tedious	Too long and dull	A tedious task.
926	temperate	Mild in climate	A temperate climate.
927	tenant	A person who rents property	A new tenant.
928	tentative	Not certain or fixed	A tentative plan.
929	terrain	A stretch of land	Rugged terrain.
930	testify	To give evidence	Testify in court.
931	thorough	Complete with attention to detail	A thorough review.
932	thrive	To grow vigorously	Businesses thrive.
933	tolerate	To allow without interference	Tolerate noise.
934	trait	A distinguishing characteristic	A personality trait.
935	tremendous	Very great	Tremendous effort.
936	trivial	Of little value	A trivial matter.
937	turmoil	A state of confusion	Political turmoil.
938	ubiquitous	Present everywhere	A ubiquitous device.
939	underlying	Existing beneath	The underlying cause.
940	undermine	To weaken gradually	Undermine confidence.
941	unprecedented	Never done before	Unprecedented growth.
942	unveil	To show publicly for the first time	Unveil a plan.
943	urban	Relating to a city	Urban development.
944	vague	Not clearly expressed	A vague answer.
945	vast	Extremely large	A vast desert.
946	verify	To confirm the truth of	Verify the data.
947	versatile	Able to adapt to many functions	A versatile tool.
948	viable	Capable of working successfully	A viable option.
949	vigorous	Strong and energetic	A vigorous debate.
950	volatile	Liable to change rapidly	A volatile market.
951	withstand	To resist successfully	Withstand pressure.
952	yield	To produce a result	Yield high profits.
953	zeal	Great energy in pursuit of a cause	Religious zeal.
954	adept	Very skilled	Adept at problem-solving.
955	affirm	To state positively	Affirm a commitment.
956	alienate	To cause to feel isolated	Alienate colleagues.
957	allege	To claim without proof	Allege wrongdoing.
958	altruistic	Unselfishly concerned for others	An altruistic act.
959	ambivalent	Having mixed feelings	Ambivalent about the offer.
960	amiable	Friendly and pleasant	An amiable host.
961	anomaly	Something that deviates from the norm	A statistical anomaly.
962	appease	To pacify by satisfying demands	Appease critics.
963	arbitrate	To settle a dispute	Arbitrate the case.
964	arduous	Involving great effort	An arduous journey.
965	articulate	Able to express oneself clearly	An articulate speaker.
966	ascend	To rise or climb	Ascend the mountain.
967	avert	To prevent an unwanted event	Avert disaster.
968	belligerent	Hostile and aggressive	A belligerent tone.
969	benevolent	Well meaning and kindly	A benevolent leader.
970	bolster	To support or strengthen	Bolster morale.
971	candid	Truthful and straightforward	A candid opinion.
972	coerce	To persuade using force	Coerce a confession.
973	concede	To admit something reluctantly	Concede defeat.
974	condone	To accept behavior that is wrong	Condone violence.
975	convoluted	Extremely complex	A convoluted explanation.
976	credulous	Too ready to believe	A credulous reader.
977	deft	Neatly skillful	A deft solution.
978	demise	The end of something	The demise of the industry.
979	deride	To express contempt for	Deride the proposal.
980	diligence	Careful and persistent effort	Study with diligence.
981	disparity	A great difference	Income disparity.
982	divulge	To make known	Divulge a secret.
983	dubious	Not to be trusted	A dubious claim.
984	elusive	Difficult to find	An elusive answer.
985	empathy	The ability to understand others' feelings	Show empathy.
986	endemic	Regularly found in a place	A disease endemic to the region.
987	enigma	Something mysterious	An enigma to scientists.
988	euphoria	A feeling of intense excitement	A sense of euphoria.
989	exemplary	Serving as a desirable model	Exemplary conduct.
990	exorbitant	Unreasonably high	Exorbitant prices.
991	fastidious	Very attentive to detail	A fastidious editor.
992	frugal	Sparing in the use of resources	A frugal lifestyle.
993	gregarious	Fond of company	A gregarious personality.
994	hamper	To hinder progress	Hamper development.
995	haphazard	Lacking organization	A haphazard approach.
996	imminent	About to happen	Imminent danger.
997	impartial	Treating all equally	An impartial judge.
998	implausible	Not credible	An implausible story.
999	incessant	Never stopping	Incessant noise.
1000	incisive	Sharp and direct	Incisive analysis.

Showing 1-25

Where TOEFL vocabulary really shows up on test day

In Reading, a single unknown academic word can flip the meaning of a whole paragraph. In Listening, lectures move fast, and you rarely get a second chance to catch a key term. Strong vocabulary is what lets you follow the argument instead of freezing on one unfamiliar word.

Speaking and Writing reward precision. When you can reach for the right academic word instead of a vague everyday substitute, your answers sound clearer and more university-ready. That is why building a wide working vocabulary matters across all four sections, not only the ones that look like “vocab questions.”

Use this list as daily fuel: learn a few words, then notice them in practice passages and lectures. Recognition in real TOEFL-style material is the moment the work starts paying off.

Want a full TOEFL vocabulary study guide too?

This PDF is your large practice bank: download it, search it, and keep drilling. If you also want a guided walkthrough of TOEFL vocabulary prep (how to study, what to prioritize, and a curated set of essential words), read our TOEFL vocabulary study guide.

Think of them as two tools on the same desk. The study guide helps you prepare with direction. This PDF gives you volume for steady, everyday practice.

Read the TOEFL vocabulary study guide

Frequently asked questions

How important is vocabulary for the TOEFL?

Very. Academic vocabulary shows up in Reading passages, campus and lecture Listening, and the language you need for Speaking and Writing. A wider word bank helps you understand denser texts and express ideas more precisely under time limits.

Should I memorize translations or learn words in context?

Context wins. Knowing a one-word translation is rarely enough on TOEFL. Practice each word with its meaning and an example sentence, then try writing or saying your own sentence. That is closer to how you will meet the word on the real test.

How many words should I study before my TOEFL date?

There is no magic number, but consistency beats cramming. Many students do well with a steady daily set (for example 20 to 25 words), plus review of older words, in the weeks leading up to the exam. Depth of recall matters more than racing through a giant list once.

Does a stronger vocabulary help Speaking and Writing too?

Yes. In Speaking and Writing, vocabulary helps you sound specific instead of repeating basic words. Better word choice can make your response clearer, more academic, and easier for scorers to follow.

How is TOEFL vocabulary different from everyday English?

TOEFL leans on academic and campus English: words you hear in lectures, textbooks, and university discussions. You may already know casual conversation English and still struggle with denser academic wording. That is the gap this kind of list is meant to close.

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TOEFL Vocabulary PDF

What’s inside this free TOEFL vocabulary PDF?

A simple way to learn 1,000 words (without quitting by day three)

Get your free TOEFL vocabulary PDF

Search all 1,000 TOEFL words

Where TOEFL vocabulary really shows up on test day

Want a full TOEFL vocabulary study guide too?

Frequently asked questions

How important is vocabulary for the TOEFL?

Should I memorize translations or learn words in context?

How many words should I study before my TOEFL date?

Does a stronger vocabulary help Speaking and Writing too?

How is TOEFL vocabulary different from everyday English?

What’s inside this free TOEFL vocabulary PDF?

A simple way to learn 1,000 words (without quitting by day three)

Get your free TOEFL vocabulary PDF

Search all 1,000 TOEFL words

Where TOEFL vocabulary really shows up on test day

Want a full TOEFL vocabulary study guide too?

Frequently asked questions

QHow important is vocabulary for the TOEFL?

QShould I memorize translations or learn words in context?

QHow many words should I study before my TOEFL date?

QDoes a stronger vocabulary help Speaking and Writing too?

QHow is TOEFL vocabulary different from everyday English?

How important is vocabulary for the TOEFL?

Should I memorize translations or learn words in context?

How many words should I study before my TOEFL date?

Does a stronger vocabulary help Speaking and Writing too?

How is TOEFL vocabulary different from everyday English?